General Composition of Water-Based Varnish (Safe & Educational)
A standard water-based varnish typically contains:
1. Water (Base Solvent)
-
Primary solvent
-
Makes the varnish low-odor and eco-friendly
2. Acrylic or Polyurethane Emulsion (Main Binder)
-
Provides hardness
-
Creates the protective film
-
Makes surface glossy or semi-gloss
3. Coalescing Agents
-
Helps film formation
-
Improves durability and adhesion
4. Additives (Small Amounts)
-
Anti-foaming agents
-
UV stabilizers
-
Flow & leveling agents
-
Anti-scratch additives
-
Drying retarders (optional)
5. Pigment (Optional)
Only if tinted or semi-transparent varnish is needed
-
Clear varnish usually has no pigments
6. Thickener / Rheology Modifier
-
Controls viscosity
-
Helps smooth brush/roller application
7. Preservatives
-
Prevents bacterial growth inside the container






